Friday, 3 October 2008

Britain's brightest record label - A celebration of Hyperion Records.



Under normal circumstances, if a record label chose an advertising slogan such as ‘Britain’s brightest record label’, I would accuse them of shameless conceit. As it’s Hyperion Records however, all I can do is concede, say it’s perfectly true and 100% deserved.

Hyperion were emerging in the 1980’s, just as my teenage interest in classical music was developing. Since then, they have grown to become one of the most important and respected names in the classical music industry. The secret of their success resides with their mission to uncover the lost and hidden jewels of the classical music repertory. As a small independent, Hyperion has always been well placed to invest in obscure, high quality music that for the most part, the big commercial labels wouldn’t risk investing in.

More than twenty years on it’s easy to take them for granted but the fact remains they changed the landscape of recorded music irrevocably. Much of what we now take for granted as ‘mainstream’ was first brought to our attention by this amazing label.

Today, Hyperion is a thriving player in the industry and while most of the major labels are cutting back their recording activities in the present climate, Hyperion shows no sign of abating. It’s roster of artists may not include many classical ‘mega-stars’ but it does include a pantheon of the best and most respected musicians in their fields, along with a wealth of young, emerging or previously undiscovered talent.

Their current output maintains its focus on rare or undiscovered music, peppered with occasional forays into the mainstream, if they feel one of their artists has something new or interesting to say. In this vein, they have just given us a new cycle of Beethoven symphonies from Sir Charles Mackerras. With the countless recordings already available, you may say this is a travesty from a label like Hyperion. Mackerras however is renowned for his fresh approach to these works. The pieces may be well trodden but the conductor’s approach is quite the opposite and anyone investing in these performances is sure to hear them in a new light, particularly if like me, you were nurtured on the likes of Herbert von Karajan conducting the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra.

In a similar vein, many would consider the solo piano music of Maurice Ravel to be a well trodden path. It was an inspired and somewhat unexpected choice to record Bach specialist Angela Hewitt in this repertory. The resulting recordings were astounding, many reviewers commenting on how it was almost like hearing this well known music for the first time.

Undoubtedly, forays into the mainstream such as these help to subsidise their more adventurous recording activities and put music that would remain by and large unknown into mainstream accessibility. Recent examples include their discs of choral music by Eric Whitacre and Veljo Tormis. Both are highly regarded in their native USA and Estonia respectively but their adoption into the Hyperion catalogue gives them an international exposure previously impossible. The secret is the general buyer has come to respect Hyperion’s judgement more than any other small label. We know that if they choose to record it, it has to be worth listening to.

A large proportion of what we now take for granted was brought to our attention by Hyperion. Until the collapse of communism, Russian sacred choral music was a largely unknown and unperformed commodity in the west. The visit of the USSR Ministry of Culture Chamber Choir to the London Proms in 1991 causes a sensation with their performance of the Rachmaninov Vespers and all of a sudden, there was a new thirst for this music. Hyperion were already there however. They may not have had access to a Russian choir but already in 1990, they had recorded the Corydon Singers, one of the country’s top chamber choirs in a superb, stylistically informed performance which even now remains one of the best on disc. It became a bestseller and made the music available to the wider listening public for the first time.

Through the eighties and nineties, the label also introduced us to composers like Granville Bantock; a towering figure in British music in his day and a contemporary of Vaughan Williams but later largely forgotten. It’s no overstatement to say Hyperion’s extensive recordings with Vernon Handley and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra brought this major figure back to life.

The impressive list goes on, not only in repertory but also with their chosen artists. Many musicians owe their reputations to the exposure given them by Hyperion. Westminster Cathedral Choir is considered to be one of the gems of the British choral tradition but nearly all of us know them through their countless recordings with Hyperion. Their discography is now one of the greatest of all the British cathedral or collegiate choirs.

Pay a visit to Hyperion’s web site when you get the chance. It’s catalogue is a goldmine of hidden treasure and you can listen to extracts from most of their recordings as well as being able to order direct. One thing I can guarantee is you are bound to discover something new and worth listening too.

Chris.


Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. Published by Kunati Books.

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Friday, 12 September 2008

Living Stereo, Lasting Legacies.



In the search for sonic and artistic excellence, the terms ‘digital’ and ‘5.1 surround’ won’t always offer you the greatest listening experience. Ironically, some of the earliest stereo recordings from the 1950’s and early 1960’s have received a new lease of life with the advent of CD and digital re-mastering. In many cases, the new medium has allowed these recordings to emerge in their full splendour for the first time.

RCA led the way in the 1954 when they made their first stereo recordings with the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Their stereo recordings were released with the trademark catchphrase ‘Living Stereo’ and fifty years later, the best of these recordings have been re-released on CD/SACD, re-mastered and featuring their original sleeve artwork.

The highlight of the Living Stereo era were the recordings made with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by Fritz Reiner. Even now, these represent a technical peak in the history of stereo recording. Listen to their recording of Rimsky Korsakov’s Scheherazade (RCA SACD 81876 66377-2) and you’ll be astonished. Apart from the excellence of the performance, it’s difficult to believe that you’re not listening to the most luminous and modern digital sound. Equally astonishing are the Chicago recordings of Respighi’s Pines of Rome, Fountains of Rome and Debussy’s La Mer (RCA SACD 82876 72614-2). The Chicago orchestra was in my opinion the greatest of the American orchestras during this period and it’s a great bonus to have their historic sound captured so realistically.

RCA weren’t the only ones making sonic waves at this time. Mercury’s famous ‘Living Presence’ recordings were an equally astounding technical achievement and again, it’s difficult to believe that some of these recordings don’t come from a modern digital source. Outstanding amongst the Mercury recordings is the disc of Antal Dorati conducting the London Symphony Orchestra in Stravinsky’s Firebird. Most commentators will tell you that is remains un-matched both sonically and artistically, despite being recorded almost fifty years ago. Similarly, Dorati’s recording of Tchaikovsky’s 1812 overture with bells and canons to augment the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra also remains an un-matched sonic spectacle.

Decca may not have made the immediate and spectacular impact of RCA and Mercury in the field of stereo recording but they came into their own in the early 1960’s and in many ways have set the standards since. Their greatest triumph came with Sir Georg Solti and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra when they committed Wagner’s complete Ring Cycle - a series of four operas based on German myth to disc (Decca 455 555-2). Decca had developed a system known as ‘Sonicstage’ for opera recording and for the first time, opera recordings were presented with three dimensional depth and perspective. Close your eyes when listening to these recordings and you really get a sense of the singers performing from different parts of the stage rather than merely standing before a microphone. Solti went on to record many of the great Strauss operas in the same way and many of these remain unsurpassed. His Ring Cycle has never been matched, either sonically or artistically.

I’m currently listening to another vintage Decca recording; Herbert Von Karajan’s 1961 recording of Holst’s The Planets with the Vienna Philharmonic. I’ve recently recommended Charles Dutoit’s stunning recording with the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, also on Decca. It’s ironic that the only recording to seriously challenge it was also from the Decca stable and was a similar sonic landmark in its day.

If you get the chance, try one of these vintage recordings. You certainly won’t be disappointed. The most exciting thing of all is being given a vivid sonic window onto the past. We may never be able to sit in a concert hall and hear these great artists again but capturing their greatest performances in such vivid and realistic sound is surely the next best thing and an amazing technical achievement for its time.

Chris.

Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. Published by Kunati Books.

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Thursday, 4 September 2008

Ravel - Orchestral Music


In the mid 1970’s, Jean Martinon and the Orchestre de Paris went into the recording studio to set down the complete orchestral works of Maurice Ravel. These are classic recordings and I’m very fond of them, having made a special trip to London in the late 1980’s to obtain them on vinyl.

I still treasure my vinyl copies but it’s marvellous to have a budget CD reissue of the key recordings from the set. Selections from the cycle have been available in different editions over the last few years but several pieces, including Martinon’s account of Daphnis et Chloe have been out of mainstream circulation for quite a while. Their re-appearance is long overdue.

Ravel, along with Claude Debussy, is one of the two greatest French composers of 20th century. My passion for his music began when I was seventeen. I became fascinated and obsessed with his ubiquitous Bolero and soon went on to discover the even greater riches contained in his wider output.

If you’ve never listened to any classical music then a composer like Ravel can be an ideal starting point. His works are immediately engaging and accessible due to their colourful orchestrations and frequent use of dance forms. Despite this, I’ve found there’s nothing superficial in what he writes. Indeed, my appreciation of his music continues to deepen with the passing years.

Listening through these discs is like passing through successive fantasy worlds. You are taken to sun-drenched Spanish landscapes with works like Bolero and the Rapsodie Espagnole. La Valse reveals apparitions of a Viennese ballroom. You step through the pages of a fairy tale book with Ma Mere l‘Oye and, perhaps most fantastic of all, you visit the sacred groves of Pan with Daphnis et Chloe.

Ravel’s music inhabits the world of the imagination. What makes it so special is its blend of innocence and passionate yearning. In Daphnis the wordless chorus is sensual in it’s withdrawn moments and orgiastic in its loudest outbursts yet its cries are woven around melodic themes of childlike simplicity.

Descriptions of this music are inadequate. Like all great art it has to be experienced first hand to be appreciated. What makes the present re-issues so valuable is the performers themselves; French musicians steeped in the sound world Ravel would have known. French orchestras in the seventies still employed many similar instruments to those in circulation when the music was written so the sound of the Orchestre de Paris fits the music like a glove.

If you’re unfamiliar with the music then this inexpensive set is a perfect starting point. If you already own alternate recordings you may even want to consider duplicating. There are rich rewards in these three CD’s and I know I’ll be listening to them for a long time to come.

Ravel: Orchestral Works. EMI Classics. 3 CD set. EMI 50999 5 00892 2 2

Disc 1:
Bolero. Ouverture de Feerie (Sheherazade). Rapsodie Espagnole. Menuet Antique. La Valse.

Disc 2:
Ma mere L’Oye. Le Tombeau de Couperin, Pavane pour une infante defunte. Alborada del gracioso. Une barque sur l’ocean

Disc 3:
Daphnis et Chloe (complete ballet). Valses nobles et sentimentales

Orchestre de Paris. Choeurs du Theatre National de l’Opera.
Conducted by Jean Martinon.



Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. Published by Kunati Books.

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Thursday, 21 August 2008

Holst. The Planets



When I was a child and later on, when I was a teenager, there always seemed to be certain LP’s that were in every single ‘boring’ record collection belonging to the parents of my friends. These were invariably budget priced classical LP’s, usually from the ‘Classics For Pleasure’ label, the budget music label of the day. Thankfully I eventually grew to realise that everyone owned these LP’s for a simple reason, I.e. they were some of the best performances of the world’s greatest music.

At the time however, the only thing that impressed me amongst all this omnipresent vinyl was a certain record cover of quite astonishing simplicity and beauty. It showed a star field with a glowing ring of rainbow coloured light at its centre. The record, as I later discovered was the Halle Orchestra’s famous recording of Gustav Holst’s The Planets, conducted by their then Principal Conductor, James Loughran.

Sadly, it took me until the age of nineteen to realise what treasures were contained on that piece of vinyl, within its jewel of a sleeve, for The Planets is one of the great defining moments in the history of British classical music.

Despite being composed between 1914 and 1916, it’s astonishing how modern it still sounds but after all, there are good reasons for this. Listen to the piece and you begin to realise that almost every modern science fiction film composer is following a template set by this music. Watch a battle scene from any of the Star Wars or Star Trek movies and you’re very near to what Holst gives us in Mars, the first movement of The Planets. Again, remember the eerie wordless female chorus from 2001: A Space Odyssey? Listen to Neptune, the final movement of The Planets and you begin to see that Holst got there first.

Holst set a movement for each of the seven Planets known at the time: Mars, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Pluto was undiscovered at the time, although contemporary composer Colin Matthews latterly composed a movement of that name to be performed alongside The Planets by the Halle Orchestra in the year 2000.

Along with composers like Stravinsky, Holst was defining the modern orchestra, even before the 1920’s. It’s one of those pieces that’s absolutely central to any music collection as it defines so much that would come later. There was certainly nothing like it in English music at the time and early audiences must have been staggered by the kaleidoscopic maelstrom of sound being presented before them. We take this music for granted these days but take the time to listen with fresh ears and you come face to face with a work of pure genius.

Along with Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons, The Planets are the most frequently recorded pieces in the history of the gramophone. Almost every great conductor has had a go, among them, the great Herbert Von Karajan who made two bench mark recordings. Sir Adrian Boult, who conducted the first performance in 1918 recorded it no fewer than four times.

If you are adding this piece to your collection for the first time however, there is one recording that stands head and shoulders above all the others, despite stiff competition. This is the recording by Charles Dutoit and the Montreal Symphony Orchestra on the Decca Label. Dutoit and his orchestra created a significant piece of recording history in the 1980’s and 90’s when their contract with Decca Records put them on the world stage. Their recordings, made in the superb acoustics of Montreal’s St Eustache Church set the standard for the modern age of digital recording. The technical and artistic standards achieved were invariably way beyond those being achieved anywhere else.

This recording of The Planets caused a furore on its appearance, winning the 1987 Gramophone Sound Engineering Award. In my opinion, it remains totally unsurpassed, even twenty one years later. It’s the only one that manages to capture all the special orchestral effects that often elude the microphones. Listen, for example, to the electrifying contribution of the organ in Mars and Uranus; something that’s usually lost within the orchestral textures on other recordings. This is now available at mid price in Universal Classic’s ‘Gramophone Awards Collection’

Holst: The Planets.
Montreal symphony Orchestra and Chorus, Charles Dutoit.
Decca 476 2724


Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. Published by Kunati Books.

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Tuesday, 5 August 2008

Richard Strauss meets Arthur C. Clarke.


Here’s something else you’re bound to recognise when you slip it into the CD player. Remember the dramatic theme music from 2001 - A Space Odyssey, with it’s brass fanfares, clashing cymbals and timpani rolls? Everyone knows the film but did you know the music, Also Sprach Zarathustra, was written by the great German composer, Richard Strauss, the last of the great romantic composers?

Born in 1864, Strauss lived until 1949 and is renowned for his extensive series of operas, as well as an equally expansive catalogue of orchestral works. He also wrote a significant number of songs, greatest of which are the Four Last Songs for soprano and orchestra, completed within a year of his death.

I’ve always found the writings and philosophies of Frederick Nietzche quite nauseating and the work this piece is based upon is no exception, extolling the death of all Gods and glorifying the ‘superman’. Thankfully, if like me, you despise the subtext, you can put it to one side and enjoy the music for its own merits, and they are considerable.

Like much of Strauss’s writing, it combines beauty with unbelievable elemental strength. Also Sprach Zarathustra is definitely not a piece to be played at low volume but it’s great dramatic outbursts are also balanced by moments of true lyrical delicacy. Its opening theme was made famous by Stanley Kubrick’s film adaptation of Arthur C. Clarke’s vision of the ‘future’ but those famous bars constitute less than two minutes of a varied musical journey lasting over half an hour.

There are many outstanding recordings of this justly famous piece, including several excellent ones in the budget and medium price ranges. When choosing my personal favourite however, I feel this is one instance where it’s worth pushing the boat out for a full price issue.

Herbert Von Karajan was considered one of the greatest conductors of his time. He was certainly one of the greatest Strauss interpreters of all time, leaving an extensive recorded legacy in this area. Such was his insight into Strauss’s music; his recordings of operas such as Der Rosenkavalier and Ariadne auf Naxos have never been bettered, despite being recorded in mono, back in the fifties.

Thankfully, he left us an unmatchable recording of Also Sprach Zarathustra in spectacular digital stereo, recorded near the end of his life but while his power as a conductor was still undiminished by ill health. The disc also contains an equally superb performance of Strauss’s Don Juan and on a personal level, it would be difficult to imagine any other conductor getting as close to the heart of this composer than Karajan does here. This is a disc to treasure.

Richard Strauss: Also Sprach Zarathustra, Don Juan.
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra cond. Herbert Von Karajan.
Deutsche Grammophon Karajan Gold (DG 439 016-2)

Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. To be published by Kunati Books. September 2008.

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Thursday, 31 July 2008

Verdi. Requiem.



There are certain pieces of music that everyone knows, whether you realise it or not. You may not be familiar with the title or composer but hear the ‘tune’ and you’ll find yourself saying ‘so that’s who wrote it’. One such piece is the Verdi Requiem.

The fame of pieces like these often rests on a single extract, sometimes only a fraction of the whole piece. This is certainly the case here for it’s the hellfire fury of the Dies Irae that’s instantly memorable with its trumpet blasts, frenzied choral writing and insistent offbeat bass drum, hit at full force to signify the fires of hell.

Some friends lent me a recording of the Verdi Requiem when I was nineteen. Like most people, I instantly recognised the Dies Irae but couldn’t remember where I’d first heard it. I still don’t remember to this day; maybe it was on the soundtrack of a TV commercial or more likely as incidental music for a film or television programme. Whatever the case, twenty odd years on, the music still hasn’t lost its power to shock me.

In more recent years, you may have encountered the music through another excerpt, this time a more peaceful one. In 1997, soprano Lynne Dawson performed the angelic solo from the Libera Me section of the Requiem at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales. Although most people will remember Elton John singing Candle in the wind first and foremost, it was Verdi’s music forming the core of the ceremony. The Verdi Requiem was one of the Princess’s favourite pieces, hence its inclusion in her funeral service. A short while later, a memorial performance of the piece was scheduled at short notice into the Proms season at the Royal Albert Hall.

There are a wealth of excellent recordings available but my favourite must be the performance conducted by John Eliot Gardiner. A friend of mine at the time, a double bassist, played in the orchestra at the recording sessions in late 1992. He said it was one of the most exciting experiences of his career to that date.

Unlike other recordings, the orchestra employs period instruments in use during Verdi’s lifetime. He adopts speeds faster than most modern performances and the professional singers of the Monteverdi Choir produce a moving and radiant sound. Crowning the performance are four fine soloists, most notably the Soprano, Luba Organosova who, quite frankly, sings like an angel, not least in the final Libera Me. I remember my friend telling me her singing made a huge impression on everyone at the recording sessions and each time I listen it’s very easy to hear why.

The recording comes on two discs with Verdi’s Four Sacred Pieces as a bonus fill up. These may not have the stature of the Requiem but they remain masterpieces all the same. This set is available on the Phillips label.

Verdi: Requiem. Four Sacred Pieces*
Orchestre Revolutionnaire et Romantique, Monteverdi Choir, cond John Eliot Gardiner.
Soloists: Luba Orgonosova, Anne Sophie Von Otter, Luca Canonici, Alastair Miles, Donna Brown*. (Philips 442 142-2)

This may be my personal favourite but if you don’t fancy period instruments, there are two other recording, both as fine as the Gardiner recording in their own right.

Firstly, Richard Hickox’s recording with the London Symphony Orchestra and Chorus comes on a single CD from Chandos (Chan 9490). He adopts similar brisk speeds to Gardiner and both playing and solo singing are exemplary. Most of all, the superb choral singing is almost incandescent. Recorded sound is superb.

Also available on two discs but at a special reduced price is the equally fine live performance with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Orfeon Donostiarra and the Swedish Radio Choir, conducted by Claudio Abbado on EMI (EMI 7243 5 57168 2 8). This boasts superstar couple Angela Gheorghiu and Roberto Alagna among the soloists, which may sway the choice for some of you. They certainly don’t disappoint and nor do any of the other musicians. This is a dark, weighty performance with slower speeds (particularly in the great Dies Irae) but no loss of electricity or tension. This concert recording is also available as a DVD where the combination of sound and vision greatly enhances the experience of a great concert occasion. (EMI 7243 4 92693 2).

Once again, enjoy listening!
Chris.

Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. To be published by Kunati Books. September 2008.

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Wednesday, 23 July 2008

Rachmaninov. Vespers.


‘Russian’ choirs make an astonishing noise and the best way to hear them is when they sing their native music.

Until the nineties, the Russian Orthodox musical tradition was unfamiliar in the West and the former Iron Curtain had shielded the talent of the best Russian choirs from Western audiences. In Great Britain, this was all set to change in the summer of 1991 when the USSR Ministry of Culture Chamber Choir made its debut at the BBC Proms, performing the Vespers by Rachmaninov; music which at that time was generally unfamiliar. The concert was televised by the BBC and caused a sensation, not only because of the choir’s astonishing sound but also because of the music itself.

The Vespers (or ‘All Night Vigil’) are one of Rachmaninov’s supreme masterpieces and many people, myself included, consider them to be the pinnacle of Russian Choral Music. Within a month or so, the only widely available recording of the work (by the Corydon Singers - a top brass English Choir) was catapulted up the Classical Top Ten chart.

I visited Germany that summer for a friend’s wedding and whilst in the record department of Steinway’s in Hamburg I stumbled across the Ministry of Culture Chamber Choir’s own recording of the piece. It remains one of my most treasured CD’s. Sadly, this recording is now unavailable but over the last decade or so, a wealth of superb performances have appeared on CD to compensate. The one I would suggest as a primary recommendation is by the St Petersburg Capella, conducted by Vladislav Chernushenko.

I heard this choir perform the Vespers live, several years after the original Proms broadcast. Their singing has to be heard to be believed and thankfully, the recording does full justice to them. The richness and weight of the bass singers is cause for marvel and the overall beauty of the sound created is very moving indeed.

It’s pointless trying to describe the music in detail as I don’t have the technical terms or knowledge to do so. All I can say is it’s quite unlike anything you would hear in a western church. It’s sung in church Slavonic rather than Latin for a start and like most Orthodox music, it has a much darker, more austere quality than European hymns or music for the Mass.

That said, such music is deeply spiritual and it pierces you to the heart. I would rank this among my all time favourites and as such, I’d strongly recommend you adding it to your CD collection.

Chris.

Rachmaninov. All Night Vigil (Vespers)
St Petersburg Capella. Cond. Vladislav Chernushenko.
HM Chant du Monde/Russian Season
RUS 788 050

Also Recommended:
Rachmaninov: All Night Vigil (Vespers)
Corydon Singers. Cond. Matthew Best
Hyperion
CDA66460
To hear extracts from this recording at the Hyperion web site, click here.


Chris Butler.
Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot. To be published by Kunati Books. September 2008.

Pre-order the Quantum Tarot from Amazon